Final answer:
The correct answer is d. myopathy, as it is not one of the chronic complications of diabetes generally listed, whereas diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy are.
Step-by-step explanation:
The complication that is not one of the chronic complications of diabetes listed here is myopathy. The chronic complications of diabetes typically include:
- Diabetic nephropathy: a progressive kidney disease caused by damage to the capillaries in the kidneys from long-standing diabetes mellitus, which can lead to symptoms like severe tiredness, headaches, nausea, frequent urination, and itchy skin.
- Diabetic neuropathy: damage to the nerves of the body resulting in numbness, tingling, and pain in the extremities.
- Diabetic retinopathy: damage to the blood vessels in the retina of the eye that can cause gradual vision loss and blindness.
While myopathy refers to muscle diseases and diabetes can impact muscle health, it is not customarily listed in the same category as the other long-term complications directly caused by diabetes.