Final answer:
The challenges to learning English include vocabulary complexity, grammar rules, pronunciation and writing system, and cultural nuances and idioms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer to this question is d) All of the above. Two big challenges to learning English versus other languages lay in the vocabulary complexity and grammar rules, pronunciation and writing system, and cultural nuances and idioms.
English has a vast vocabulary with over 600,000 recognized words. The grammar rules in English can be complex and require knowledge of sentence structure, verb tenses, and more.
Pronunciation and the writing system can also be challenging in English. There are many words with silent letters or different pronunciation rules. For example, the word 'park' can be pronounced as 'pahk' in Boston or 'bettuh' instead of 'better' in Coastal Southern areas.
Finally, cultural nuances and idioms can pose difficulties in understanding and using English effectively. Different regions and social groups have their own expressions and common phrases that may not be easily understood by non-native speakers.