Final answer:
Separation of powers ensures no government branch becomes too powerful, encouraging a)collaboration between branches. The U.S. Constitution's system of checks and balances requires collaboration for effective governance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of separation of powers acts as a check on parliament in law-making by ensuring that no single branch of government holds excessive power. The framers of the Constitution included checks and balances to foster collaboration and prevent any one branch from becoming too dominant.
For example, the president has veto power over legislation, but Congress can override a veto. This encourages the branches to work together and consult one another when making policies, leading to a more consultative and cooperative form of governance.
On the other hand, parliamentary systems lack a strict separation of powers since the executive comes from the legislature, leading to a more unified but potentially less checked government. Whatever the system, checks and balances are essential to maintain a healthy balance of power and avert executive dominance that can diminish the legislature's role.