Final answer:
Rosa Parks is often referred to as the 'mother' of the civil rights movement due to her pivotal role in sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Step-by-step explanation:
The civil rights movement was a collective effort involving multiple leaders and activists. While there were several prominent figures who played key roles, Rosa Parks is often referred to as the 'mother' of the civil rights movement. Her refusal to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott and became a symbol of resistance against racial segregation.