Final answer:
A scientific discovery refers to an experimental breakthrough in the field of science, made through controlled experiments, observations, or serendipity. For example, Galileo's discovery of Saturn through his telescope or Christopher Columbus' discovery of Hispaniola are scientific discoveries.
Step-by-step explanation:
A scientific discovery refers to an experimental breakthrough in the field of science. It involves the observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of natural or human-made phenomena. Discoveries are made by conducting controlled experiments, making observations, or by serendipity, which is a fortunate accident or lucky surprise. For example, Galileo's discovery of Saturn through his telescope or Christopher Columbus' discovery of Hispaniola are both scientific discoveries.