Final answer:
Scientists use CTD instruments to measure and record data such as temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen in water. This helps them gain insights into various physical and chemical processes occurring in the ocean.
Step-by-step explanation:
A CTD instrument is a device used by scientists to measure and record data such as temperature, pH conductivity, and dissolved oxygen in water. For example, scientists can use a CTD instrument to investigate the temperature and salinity of different ocean depths, which can provide valuable information about ocean circulation patterns and the distribution of marine life. By the data collected by a CTD instrument, scientists can gain insights into various physical and chemical processes occurring in the ocean.