Final answer:
High-level programming languages such as Python, Squeak, and Modula-3 allow for the creation of complex programs without the need to understand CPU operation, by managing many details like memory management.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of programming language that allows you to create powerful and complex programs without needing to understand how the CPU works is known as a high-level programming language.
High-level languages like Python, Squeak, and Modula-3 are designed to be closer to human language and more abstract from the machine language. They provide powerful features that manage many of the details of computer operation, such as memory management, which allows you to concentrate on the logic and functionality of the program rather than the intricacies of the CPU's operation.