Final answer:
Swyer syndrome occurs when the SRY gene is nonfunctional or translocated, causing an individual with an XY genotype to develop female characteristics. The SRY gene is normally responsible for initiating the development of male sex characteristics by causing undifferentiated gonadal tissue to form testes. Mutations or errors in the SRY gene, or in chromosomal number, can lead to various conditions like Klinefelter and Turner syndromes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Syndrome Resulting from SRY Attaching to X Chromosome
The SRY gene, which is typically located on the Y chromosome, plays a critical role in the development of male sex characteristics in human embryos. If a mutation occurs causing the SRY gene to become nonfunctional, or if the SRY gene is deleted or translocated onto an X chromosome, the embryonic development of the individual with an XY genotype will be affected. This condition is known as Swyer syndrome.
In the case of mutations to the SRY gene leading to its inactivation, the individual with an XY genotype would typically develop as female despite genetically being male, due to the absence of the testis-determining factor. Moreover, disorders like Klinefelter syndrome (XXY genotype) and Turner syndrome (XO genotype) also involve atypical sex chromosome compositions and result in varied physical and developmental characteristics.
A noteworthy point is that during embryonic development, a functioning SRY gene initiates the production of proteins that trigger undifferentiated gonadal tissue to develop into testes, which in turn leads to the formation of the male reproductive system. On the other hand, if the Y chromosome is missing or the SRY gene is malfunctioning, the embryonic gonads develop into ovaries, leading to female sex characteristics even in XY individuals.