Final answer:
The oculomotor nerve passes through the superior orbital fissure after exiting the midbrain, which is an opening into the posterior orbit located on the anterior wall of the middle cranial fossa.
Step-by-step explanation:
The oculomotor nerve, after exiting the midbrain, runs through the superior orbital fissure. This large, irregular opening into the posterior orbit is located on the anterior wall of the middle cranial fossa, lateral to the optic canal and beneath the projecting margin of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone. The superior orbital fissure facilitates the passage of nerves to the eyeball, associated muscles, and sensory nerves to the forehead.