Final answer:
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can impact performance differently. The level of arousal and the type of reinforcement can also affect performance. Striking a balance between motivation and optimal arousal is crucial for high performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Intrinsic motivation, which stems from personal satisfaction, and extrinsic motivation, which arises from external factors, can influence performance differently. While motivation is important for high performance, it does not automatically guarantee it. Factors such as the type of reinforcement, the expectation of extrinsic rewards, and the optimal level of arousal can impact performance.
For example, tangible rewards like money can have negative effects on intrinsic motivation, while intangible rewards like praise may increase it. Moreover, if individuals expect to receive an extrinsic reward, their intrinsic motivation for the task may be reduced. On the other hand, if extrinsic motivation is presented as a surprise, intrinsic motivation can persist.
Additionally, the level of arousal is crucial for performance. Moderate arousal tends to be best for optimal performance, while very high or very low arousal can hinder it. For instance, extreme anxiety can be paralyzing and impact performance negatively, while low arousal levels like boredom and apathy can also result in poor performance. Therefore, a balance between motivation and optimal arousal is necessary for high performance.