Final answer:
The two plans introduced at the Philadelphia Convention were the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan, with the Virginia Plan favoring larger states and the New Jersey Plan favoring smaller states, leading to the Connecticut Compromise for representation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two plans introduced at the Philadelphia Convention concerning representation were the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. The correct answer to the fill-in-the-blank question is D. Virginia. The Virginia Plan, also known as the "large state plan," called for a two-house legislature, with representation in both houses based on population. Larger states liked this because it would give them more influence in the new government.
On the other hand, the New Jersey Plan, proposed as a counter to the Virginia Plan, advocated for a unicameral legislature where each state had equal representation regardless of size. This was preferable to smaller states, as it maintained the status quo of equal power among the states, similar to the arrangement under the Articles of Confederation.
Neither plan by itself was adopted at the convention. Instead, the Connecticut Compromise was reached, which combined aspects of both plans, leading to our current system of a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate.