Final answer:
Hypertension contributes to decreased kidney function by damaging the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste, potentially leading to chronic kidney disease and the need for kidney dialysis. The correct option is B).
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which factor would contribute to decreased kidney function in a patient with impaired mobility. The correct answer is B) Hypertension.
Hypertension can lead to kidney damage or failure by causing damage to the blood vessels and filters in the kidney, making it difficult for the kidneys to carry out their function of clearing waste from the body.
Conditions such as dehydration, blood loss, and cardiogenic shock can also contribute to pre-renal causes of kidney dysfunction. Pathologically, an underproduction of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) can inhibit the release of aldosterone, leading to improper kidney function.
This can cause issues including metabolic acidosis, anemia, and fluid imbalances affecting homeostasis. Chronic kidney disease may result in a need for kidney dialysis to substitute the filtration function of the kidneys. Option B) is the correct one.