Final answer:
Water fleas, which belong to the branchiopodan suborder Cladocera, often reproduce by parthenogenesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is a. Cladocera.
Water fleas, which belong to the branchiopodan suborder Cladocera, often reproduce by parthenogenesis. Parthenogenesis is a type of reproduction where an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual. It is a form of asexual reproduction commonly seen in some species of animals, including water fleas.
Water fleas are small crustaceans that live in freshwater environments. They play important roles in aquatic ecosystems as primary consumers, feeding on algae and bacteria.