Final answer:
Growth hormone (GH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It targets body cells and promotes protein synthesis and body growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin, is a protein hormone that is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in the endocrine system. Its primary target tissue is body cells throughout the body. The main effect of GH is to promote protein synthesis and body growth. It stimulates the uptake of amino acids and the formation of new proteins in skeletal muscle cells, cartilage cells, and other target cells.