Final answer:
The novice driver has immature mental heuristics and is prone to misjudging their competence due to the Dunning-Kruger effect. This can lead to poor decision-making, especially in complex tasks such as driving, compared to experts who more accurately assess their abilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The novice driver possesses immature mental heuristics, which means they are susceptible to faulty judgment due to a lack of experience. Novices may have overconfidence in their abilities, a phenomenon known as the Dunning-Kruger effect, where they misjudge their competence and understanding in various situations.
This overestimation can lead to errors in judgment and decisions, which is particularly dangerous in tasks like driving.
Experts, on the other hand, tend to more accurately assess their knowledge but sometimes underestimate the uniqueness of their skills, assuming that others have a similar level of expertise. These differences between the novice and the expert in self-assessment and decision-making are key areas of interest in psychology and have practical implications for how people learn and become more proficient in their activities.
Novice drivers possess immature driving skills and lack experience on the road. They may rely on faulty mental heuristics and be susceptible to prejudice, implicit bias, and error. It is important for novice drivers to be skeptical of their own abilities and continuously seek to improve their skills through practice and education.