Final answer:
The examples reflect significant challenges in investment and structural efficiency within businesses or educational settings, particularly in low-income areas, and include inadequate investment in human capital, poor design decisions, and gaps in employee development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The examples provided (limited funds available for the purchase of equipment, limited training on the part of employees, and ill-designed facilities) are all indicative of challenges that businesses or organizations may face due to inadequate investment in human capital and structural inefficiencies. In low-income countries in particular, the lack of funds for investment often means that income is spent on basic necessities rather than improving physical or human capital, leading to conditions such as the one depicted where students are learning outside without technology, chairs, or desks.
Additionally, when businesses or facilities are poorly designed from the outset, it becomes significantly harder to meet customer needs, alluding to a problem of poor design decisions. Lastly, inadequate training for employees signifies a gap in employee development, which can affect overall organizational performance and productivity.