Final answer:
Erikson termed the early childhood task 'initiative' as it reflects the children's emerging ability to initiate activities, which is vital for their sense of purpose and confidence.
Step-by-step explanation:
Erik Erikson labeled the early childhood task as "initiative" because at this age, children are starting to assert control and initiation of activities through social interactions and play. This stage is critical in their development as it leads to self-confidence and a sense of purpose when they successfully plan and achieve goals. An over-controlling parent can stifle a child's initiative, resulting in feelings of guilt, by not allowing the child the freedom to explore and act on their environment.