Final answer:
The Stoics saw happiness as aligning oneself with the divine reason governing the universe and coping with life's challenges; they believed that dealing with misfortunes, like illness, through the practice of virtue could enhance one's character and contribute to genuine happiness.
Step-by-step explanation:
True, the Stoics did indeed argue that sometimes what we perceive as disadvantages, such as illness, could actually contribute to one's happiness. Their philosophy was built on the belief that the universe was governed by divine reason (Logos), which meant that happiness was achieved by learning to cope with life, accepting fate, and avoiding extreme negative emotions. They emphasized four core virtues: courage, justice, temperance, and wisdom, and believed that practicing these virtues was paramount for achieving happiness. Stoicism is known for its robust commitment to maintaining rational self-control and inner freedom, through which one could find true contentment regardless of external circumstances. Therefore, rather than happiness being diminished by misfortune, the Stoic tradition posits that overcoming or enduring such trials through virtue can actually enhance one's character and thereby contribute to authentic happiness.