Final answer:
Special populations such as American Indian/Alaska Native communities, veterans, the elderly, people with disabilities, and the incarcerated face specific risk factors including health disparities, service-related issues, and societal inequalities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The special populations addressed in this chapter include groups such as American Indian/Alaska Native communities, veterans, the elderly, and individuals with child and adult disabilities, as well as those who are incarcerated. Each of these populations faces unique risk factors. American Indian/Alaska Native populations frequently contend with issues such as high rates of poverty, unemployment, lower educational achievement, health disparities, and environmental challenges like high mercury levels in traditional diets. Veterans, especially older cohorts, may deal with the long-term effects of military service, including physical and mental health issues, and often require specialized services through agencies like the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. The elderly may experience challenges related to aging such as health decline, social isolation, and financial insecurity. Those with disabilities may confront obstacles to healthcare, education, and employment, resulting in broader societal inequalities. Incarcerated individuals face an environment that can exacerbate existing health problems and make reintegration into society more challenging upon release.