Final answer:
The misinformation effect describes how one's memory can incorporate wrong information after an event, especially when exposed to misleading information or leading questions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect that occurs when one incorporates incorrect information into a memory after witnessing an event and receiving misleading information about it is known as the misinformation effect. This effect was extensively researched by cognitive psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, who demonstrated that the memories of eyewitnesses can be altered by suggestive questioning or exposure to misleading information after the event. For example, how a question is worded can significantly impact an eyewitness's memory, as seen in the study by Loftus and John Palmer where the verb used in the question influenced participants' estimates of the speed of cars in a filmed accident.