Final answer:
The Andes Mountains are the range that passes through Argentina and Chile, known as the longest mountain chain on Earth and the highest in the Americas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mountain range that passes through Argentina and Chile is the Andes Mountains. The Andes are the longest mountain chain on Earth and the highest in the Americas. In Argentina, the Andes run along the country's entire western border with Chile, incorporating several different regions and climates, from the high altitude desert of the north to the glaciated landscapes of the south. The Andes are not only significant for their geographical magnitude but also for their cultural importance, as they are home to distinct cultural areas that date back to pre-conquest times.