Final answer:
Reichardt detectors work due to the particle-like properties of photons that interact with a sensitive area, causing a detectable change that is enhanced by cooling the detectors to reduce thermal effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
The key to why Reichardt detectors work is the particle-like properties of photons. These advanced detection systems, including those used in astronomical imaging and biomedical applications, function by taking advantage of how photons interact with a sensitive area to create a detectable change. Their effectiveness is rooted in the ability of the detectors, such as charge-coupled devices (CCDs), to convert the energy from photons into electrical signals. This phenomenon is enhanced by reducing thermal effects through cooling, increasing the sensitivity of photon reception.
For example, in the realm of dark matter research, detectors made of crystals like germanium and silicon are used. When these crystal detectors are cooled to near absolute zero, they can detect the minute vibrations and temperature increases caused by dark matter particles colliding with the atoms in the crystals. This sophisticated technology is at the forefront of both our understanding of the universe and innovations in imaging systems across various scientific fields.