Final answer:
Intelligence is the capacity to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new situations. The field of cognitive psychology studies this alongside other aspects of human thinking, ensuring an understanding of fluid intelligence and brain plasticity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Psychologists define intelligence as the capacity to learn from experience, solve problems, and to adapt to new situations. The correct answer to the question is B) Intelligence.
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on human thinking, including how people perceive, plan, analyze, and remember. It is meticulously involved in higher-level cognitive processes like problem solving and creativity and is keen in determining how intelligence is measured, which encompasses the understanding of both fluid intelligence and how the brain adapts and remodels through plasticity.
Understanding Intelligence
Fluid intelligence is characterized by the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems, which aligns closely with the characteristics of intelligence. Thus, psychometric assessments of intelligence will often evaluate fluid intelligence to understand a person's adaptive problem-solving abilities.