Final answer:
The disease caused by uteroplacental tissue breakdown and decreased renal perfusion is pre-eclampsia. This condition disrupts normal placental functions and can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The disease caused by uteroplacental tissue breakdown and decreased renal perfusion is pre-eclampsia. Placenta previa is a condition where the low placement of the fetus within the uterus causes the placenta to partially or completely cover the opening of the cervix as it grows, but it does not typically involve decreased renal perfusion.
During early pregnancy, nutrient and waste requirements are managed by diffusion through the endometrium, and as gestation progresses, the placenta, which is fully formed by weeks 14-16, takes over this function. However, pathological conditions like pre-eclampsia can disrupt this process, leading to complications for both the mother and the fetus.