Final answer:
Blood tests that examine liver function are the first step in diagnosing hepatitis, with elevated enzyme and bilirubin levels indicating impaired liver function. Acute Hepatitis B findings include general inflammation and malaise, while chronic conditions are treated with antivirals. For Hepatitis C, RNA tests confirm the virus's presence, and imaging studies assess liver and gallbladder health.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diagnostic Findings and Treatment options for Hepatitis B and C
General laboratory testing for hepatitis commences with blood testing to observe liver function. When the liver is malfunctioning, increased levels of enzymes and bilirubins such as alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), direct and total bilirubin may be evident. These markers, which indicate possible liver impairment, are part of a Complete Metabolic Panel (CMP).
Specific to hepatitis B, acute-phase diagnostic findings may include fever, malaise, anemia, abdominal discomfort, and heightened levels of liver enzymes indicative of liver inflammation. Treatment options for chronic Hepatitis B may involve antiviral medications like tenofovir or entecavir, alongside monitoring of liver function and potential liver damage.
For Hepatitis C, confirmatory tests include a Hepatitis C virus RNA test which can detect the presence of the virus in blood. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect liver abnormalities or abscesses. Cirrhosis, a result of chronic hepatitis, involves fibrous tissue formation in the liver. Diagnosis of liver disorders may also employ further imaging techniques like CT scans, HIDA scans, and abdominal X-rays to assess not only liver health but the condition of other abdominal organs like the gallbladder and the pancreas.