Final answer:
The population of Western Europe decreased significantly during the decline of the Roman Empire, with substantial depopulation and deurbanization, which is a reflection of the broader demographic trends and economic challenges of the period.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which of the following was true about the population of Western Europe during the decline of the Roman Empire. The correct answer is c) It decreased significantly. During the decline of the Roman Empire, Western Europe experienced significant depopulation and deurbanization along with barbarian invasions.
For instance, in the Early Middle Ages, after the fall of Rome in 476 CE, the population of the city of Rome shrank from hundreds of thousands to about 30,000, which is indicative of the broader trend across Western Europe. This decrease in population continued until the demographic recovery that started in the 11th century leading into the High Middle Ages. Additionally, the contraction of urban areas and the decline in tax revenues due to the loss of territories in the west further reflected the challenging conditions faced by populations during this period.