Final answer:
Karl Marx is the one who envisioned a society characterized by economic equality, where the means of production are socially owned to create a communist society, as laid out in Marxist ideology.
Step-by-step explanation:
Karl Marx envisioned a society characterized by economic equality. Marx's philosophy, known as Marxism, was premised on the idea that capitalism is an oppressive economic system where the proletariat (working class) is exploited by the bourgeoisie (wealthy middle class). The ultimate goal of Marxism is to achieve a communist society where the means of production are socially owned, thereby ending the history of class struggle highlighted in Marx and Engels' writing.
Principles of Marxism were the driving force behind the actions of The Bolsheviks, who took part in the Russian Revolution of 1917. Under the leadership of figures like Joseph Stalin after Lenin's death, the Soviet Union aimed to establish a society based on Marxist ideals. Despite attempts in various countries, the envisioned economic and political equality has proven challenging to fully realize.