Final answer:
Seven countries form the non-island nations of Central America: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama.
Step-by-step explanation:
There are seven non-island countries that make up Central America. These countries are Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Central America connects North America to South America via the Isthmus of Panama and is characterized by a tropical climate and mountainous terrain with many volcanoes. During the colonial period, all these countries except Panama were under Spanish control, while Panama was initially part of Colombia until becoming independent.