Final answer:
False, Recall bias in a case-control study cannot be controlled by selecting incident cases; rather, it is a risk due to the retrospective nature of these studies. Case-control studies are useful for understanding associations, but cohort studies may be preferable to minimize bias.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question addresses the issue of recall bias in case-control studies. Recall bias occurs when the respondents' memories are not accurate, leading to incorrect or skewed information. This bias can be particularly problematic in case-control studies, which rely on retrospective data. It is false that recall bias is controlled through the selection of incident cases. Rather, recall bias is an inherent risk when relying on individuals' memories of past behaviors or exposures. Strategies to minimize recall bias include cross-checking data with medical records, using objective measures when possible, and careful questionnaire design. However, the mere selection of incident cases does not control for recall bias. While case-control studies are valuable for studying associations between exposures and outcomes, alternative methods such as cohort studies may be less prone to recall bias since data are collected prospectively and are therefore likely more accurate than self-reported recall data.