Final answer:
The claim that brighter lights lead to more productive workers, attributed to the Hawthorne studies, is false. Instead, the studies revealed that changes in environmental variables, such as lighting, improved productivity because employees reacted to the attention they received from researchers, known as the Hawthorne effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "The Hawthorne studies Showed that the brighter the lights in the room the more productive were workers who worked in the room" is false.
Rather, the Hawthorne effect, as discovered in the studies, indicates that any change in a variable, such as lighting levels, led to an improvement in productivity; this was true even when the change was negative. The key thing was not the physical environment itself, but rather the attention given to workers by the researchers. This effect faded when the researchers' attention faded.
One of the main outcomes of the Hawthorne studies was the understanding that social relations and the psychological conditions at work have a significant impact on productivity.
The point was further elaborated by showing that workers' behavior and productivity were influenced by the mere fact that they were being observed, which could indicate the presence of an experimental bias, known today as the Hawthorne effect.