Final answer:
A straight catheter is the appropriate type for temporary collection of a sterile urine specimen because it is designed for a single use and is removed immediately after the bladder is emptied.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a nurse needs to collect a sterile urine specimen from a client at a health care facility and a catheter is only required temporarily, the appropriate type of catheter to use would be C) Straight catheter. Straight catheters are designed for short-term, single-use and are utilized for immediate drainage of the bladder. They are inserted directly into the bladder through the urethra, allowing for urine to be collected without the need for the catheter to remain in place for an extended period, which helps minimize the risk of infection. In contrast, a retention catheter, such as a Foley catheter, is designed to remain in place for a longer duration. A condom catheter is typically used for male patients who have urinary incontinence but do not have a urinary retention problem. A urinary bag is not a catheter but a collection device that is attached to the external end of a catheter.