Final answer:
Ship and boat captains require skills in operation and control, decision making, and science judgment to navigate and manage a marine vessel effectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ship and boat captains need a variety of common skills to perform their duties effectively. Among these, operation and control, which refers to steering and navigating marine vessels, is essential. Additionally, strong decision making is crucial for responding to changing conditions and emergencies at sea. While not typically associated with their role, installation technology skills may be useful for understanding and managing electronic systems aboard the vessel, though it's not a primary skill required. Science judgment would encompass the application of maritime sciences such as oceanography and meteorology in their decision-making process. Lastly, design coordination, while more commonly associated with engineering fields, could play a part in overseeing modifications or improvements to the vessel or its operations.