Final answer:
The three main components of a personal fall arrest system are the harness, lanyard, and anchor point, with the lanyard having a shock absorber to reduce fall impact.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three main components of a personal fall arrest system are: a) Harness, b) Lanyard, and c) Anchor point. The harness is worn by the worker and distributes fall forces over the body, essentially acting as a safety net. The lanyard connects the harness to the anchor point and typically includes a shock absorber to reduce the impact of the fall. The anchor point is a secure location that the system attaches to which should be able to support the prescribed load and is typically chosen based on the work environment and tasks being performed.