Final answer:
Aphasia directly affects a person's ability to form words due to brain damage, while dyslexia is a learning disability impacting reading, writing, and spelling. Presbyopia affects the ability to focus on near objects, unlike myopia which hampers distant vision, and requires reading glasses for close-up tasks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that directly affects a person's ability to form words is Aphasia. Aphasia is a language disorder that results from damage to portions of the brain that are responsible for language. It can cause problems with speaking, reading, writing, and understanding language. A patient who responds to questions with looks of incomprehension may be suffering from Wernicke's aphasia, which is associated with the posterior superior temporal gyrus. This is one of two major language areas in the brain, with the other being Broca’s area, associated with Broca's aphasia and affecting speech production.
On the subject of eyesight, presbyopia is a condition associated with aging and the loss of the eye's ability to focus on near objects, due to a hardening of the lens inside the eye. This condition usually manifests after the age of 40 and often requires the use of reading glasses, even if the distant vision is corrected by procedures such as LASIK. In contrast, someone with myopia, or near-sightedness, may not need corrective lenses to read a book or computer screen as their issue is with seeing objects at a distance rather than close up.
Dyslexia is a learning disability that hampers the ability to process letters and sounds, leading to difficulties with reading, writing, and spelling. This neurological disorder can also result in challenges with speaking. It should not be confused with Aphasia, which directly impacts the formation of words. On the other hand, dysgraphia directly affects the motor skills required for writing, whereas eyesight problems such as astigmatism and color blindness, like red-green color deficiency, can hinder a child's visual processing but do not directly impede word formation.