Final answer:
Management focused on individual employee jobs is known as industrial psychology, with scientific management aiming to boost efficiency according to Frederick Taylor's principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Management that deals with the jobs of individual employees is known as industrial psychology. Industrial psychology focuses on hiring and maintaining employees, thereby directly affecting their job roles and responsibilities. A researcher interested in the factors that make an employee best suited for a given job would indeed identify as an industrial psychologist.
The scientific management approach was popularized by Frederick Taylor in 1911 with the goal of increasing workers' efficiency. Taylor's work, particularly his book 'The Principles of Scientific Management', proposed engineering workplaces to optimize productivity by allocating jobs to employees based on scientific analysis to ensure the suitability of employees for those jobs.
In the realm of Industrial-Organizational (I-O) psychology, which area measures job satisfaction? It is organizational psychology. While both industrial and organizational psychology are subfields of I-O psychology, industrial psychology is more oriented toward the relations of job analysis, hiring, and employment practices, whereas organizational psychology is more focused on understanding the dynamics of employee relationships and the culture within an organization.