Final answer:
By 1989, the PRC normalized relations with all the listed countries except Russia, due to historic ideological differences and border conflicts despite early treaties of friendship.
Step-by-step explanation:
By 1989, the PRC normalized relations with the countries mentioned, except for Russia. The PRC (People's Republic of China) had historical tensions with several countries due to various political and territorial disputes. Among these, relations with India were strained due to border disputes and the war in 1962. The PRC's approach towards Taiwan, which they regard as a renegade province, has also impacted its international relations, such as with the United States, which switched diplomatic recognition from the ROC (Republic of China) to the PRC in 1979.
Japan faced devastation in World War II and had a process of reconciliation and rebuilding post-war, leading to normalized relations with China. Lastly, the United Kingdom handed back Hong Kong to China in 1997, which had implications for their bilateral relations. However, it should be noted that by 1989, Sino-Russian relations were not 'normalized' in the same sense, mainly due to ideological differences and border conflicts, despite a shared communist ideology at the beginning of the PRC's establishment.