Question

Why might a gallstone affect the pancreas?

1) The gallstone can block the biliary duct, affecting the flow of digestive enzymes from the pancreas
2) The gallstone can cause inflammation in the pancreas
3) The gallstone can lead to infection in the pancreas
4) The gallstone can cause the pancreas to produce excess enzymes

Answer 1

A gallstone can affect the pancreas by blocking the bile duct, impacting the flow of pancreatic enzymes and leading to pancreatitis, which is associated with symptoms like pain and jaundice.

Step-by-step explanation:

A gallstone may affect the pancreas because it can block the bile duct, which not only affects the excretion of bile but also can impact the normal flow of pancreatic enzymes into the duodenum. This blockage can lead to a backup of pancreatic enzymes, causing inflammation (pancreatitis). The pancreatitis, in turn, may involve pain, jaundice, pale stools, and dark urine among other signs. Measuring levels of the pancreatic enzymes amylase and lipase in blood tests often helps evaluate the function of the pancreas under these conditions. Moreover, large gallstones obstructing the bile duct can lead to an increase in bilirubin levels, causing jaundice. This scenario may require surgical intervention where the removal of the gallbladder is performed to address the underlying issue.