Final answer:
Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine in the coronal plane. It is most prevalent among girls and can worsen during adolescent growth spurts. Treatment ranges from monitoring to using a back brace, or possibly surgery for severe cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Scoliosis refers to an abnormal, lateral curvature of the spine, often accompanied by twisting of the vertebral column. This condition is most commonly observed in girls and can escalate during adolescent growth spurts. Scoliosis results in a deviation of the spine in the coronal plane, distinguishing it from other spinal curvatures such as kyphosis and lordosis, which occur in the sagittal plane. While the exact cause is often unknown, potential causes could include muscle weakness, structural defects, or limb length discrepancy.
Most cases of scoliosis do not require invasive treatment, but monitoring and non-surgical interventions such as a back brace may be recommended for children. In severe cases, orthopedic surgery can be necessary to correct the curvature.