Final answer:
The scientific name for the windpipe is the trachea, a tubular organ that plays a key role in the respiratory system by carrying air from the larynx to the lungs where it branches into bronchi.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scientific name for the windpipe is the trachea. This tubular organ of the respiratory system carries air between the larynx and bronchi. The trachea is about 2.5 cm wide and 10-15 cm long, lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, and formed by rings of cartilage, which give it strength and flexibility. It extends from the larynx toward the lungs, where it branches out into two main bronchi. These further divide into smaller bronchioles that lead to the alveoli, the sites of gas exchange within the lungs.