Final answer:
To define the linear function g(x) for science class scores, a specific equation or data points are needed, which were not provided. The process to create such an equation involves using methods like median-median line or least-squares regression. An example of using regression is predicting final exam scores from a third exam score.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks to define the linear function g(x) for the average test score in a science class, given certain options for the average score when x, the number of tests taken, is a specific value. To solve this we would need additional information, specifically an equation or additional data points for the science class test scores, much like the equation that has been provided for the math class, f(x) = 0.9x + 79. Without this, we cannot determine the value of g(x). However, we can discuss the process and methods typically used to establish such an equation, such as the median-median line approach or the least-squares regression line. These methods help in creating a linear equation that best represents the data collected from test scores and can be used to predict future scores.
Regression analysis is often used to predict outcomes based on previously gathered data. For instance, if we wanted to use the regression equation to estimate a final exam score for a student in statistics who scored a 73 on the third exam, we would simply substitute 73 in place of x in the equation given as ŷ = 173.51 + 4.83x, which would yield ŷ = 179.08. This result predicts, on average, students who scored 73 on the third exam will earn 179.08 on the final exam.