Question

Background information: Many characteristics in humans are controlled by one gene with two alleles, one dominant and one recessive. List any FOUR planning steps for this investigation.

a) Collecting DNA samples
b) Identifying genetic markers
c) Conducting statistical analysis
d) Obtaining informed consent

a) In terms of the investigation about the type of earlobe (free or attached), name the following.
a) Dominant allele
b) Recessive allele
c) Phenotype
d) Genotype

Answer 1

In a investigation on the type of earlobe, the planning steps include collecting DNA samples, identifying genetic markers, conducting statistical analysis, and obtaining informed consent. The dominant allele for free-hanging earlobes is represented as F, while the recessive allele for attached earlobes is represented as f. The phenotype refers to the physical expression of the trait, and the genotype represents the specific alleles an individual carries for earlobe type.

Step-by-step explanation:

For an investigation on the type of earlobe (free or attached), the following planning steps can be considered:

1. Collecting DNA samples from individuals with both types of earlobes to analyze their genetic makeup.
2. Identifying genetic markers associated with the gene that controls earlobe type.
3. Conducting statistical analysis to determine the inheritance pattern and frequencies of the dominant and recessive alleles.
4. Ensuring informed consent is obtained from individuals participating in the study.

Now, addressing the specific terms:

1. The dominant allele for free-hanging earlobes is represented as F.
2. The recessive allele for attached earlobes is represented as f.
3. The phenotype refers to the physical expression of the trait, in this case, refers to the type of earlobe - either free or attached.
4. The genotype refers to the combination of alleles an individual carries in their genetic makeup, in this case, represents the specific alleles for earlobe type, such as FF (free-hanging), Ff (free-hanging), or ff (attached).