Final answer:
Assuming the solar panel's efficiency is constant, a solar panel that supplies 5 W of power on Earth would supply approximately 2.15 W of power on Mars, considering Mars receives about 43% of the Earth's solar irradiance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks how much power a solar panel that supplies 5 W of power on Earth would generate if it were on Mars. To answer this question, we would need to consider the solar irradiance on both planets. On Earth, solar panels receive an average irradiance of about 1,000 W/m² directly from the sun. However, on Mars, the sunlight is weaker due to the increased distance from the sun.
Mars receives about 43% of the Earth's solar irradiance. If we assume that the solar panel's efficiency remains constant, we multiply Earth's solar panel power by the ratio of Martian to Earth irradiance:
Power on Mars = Power on Earth × (Mars irradiance / Earth irradiance)
Power on Mars = 5 W × 0.43
Power on Mars = 2.15 W
Therefore, a solar panel that supplies 5 W of power on Earth would supply approximately 2.15 W of power on Mars.