Final answer:
In a motion control system, the closed loop control algorithm is run by the controller, which adjusts the system's output to match the desired outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a motion control system, the component that runs the closed loop control algorithm is D) The controller. The controller processes input signals that represent desired outcomes (like position, speed, or torque) and compares them to the actual output from the system, typically received from sensors. If there is a discrepancy, the controller computes the necessary corrections and sends commands to the system's actuators, often servo motors, to adjust the output accordingly.
The amplifier and servo motor play different roles. The amplifier provides the necessary power to drive the motor, and the servo motor executes the movement. The processor may be part of the controller itself or separate, but it's the controller that actually implements the closed loop control algorithm.