Final answer:
The correct answer is 1) retention pond, which is an engineered feature designed to collect and store stormwater until it evaporates or infiltrates into the ground.
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer to the question "A retention pond is an open area that collects stormwater and holds it until it has evaporated?" is 1) retention pond. A retention pond is specifically designed to manage stormwater runoff by collecting it in an excavated or man-made pond area. The water is then stored and gradually evaporates or may even infiltrate into the ground over time. This contrasts with a catch basin, constructed wetland, or cistern, which serve different purposes in managing water.
Wetlands, on the other hand, are areas where the soil is permanently or seasonally saturated with water and feature a prevalence of vegetation adapted to saturated soil conditions. They serve various environmental functions and are not engineered specifically for stormwater management like retention ponds. While certain types of constructed wetlands can be used to treat stormwater, the primary function of a retention pond is to collect and store stormwater temporarily until evaporation occurs.