Final answer:
When a π meson decays, it can produce a positron, a muon, or less commonly, a proton, hence the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a π (pi) meson decays, the possible products of this decay process can include various elementary particles. Notably, the decay products may consist of:
- Lambda Calculus: Developed by Alonzo Church, lambda calculus is another foundational model of computation. It uses functions and substitutions to represent computations and has been shown to be equivalent to the Turing machine in terms of computational power.
- Recursive Functions: The concept of recursive functions, as defined by Gödel and others, is another equivalent model of computation. These functions are used to express computable functions and have been proven to be equivalent to the Turing machine.
- Register Machines: Register machines are a type of abstract machine that consists of an infinite sequence of registers and a set of instructions for manipulating their contents. Register machines are equivalent to Turing machines in terms of computational power.
- Post Machine: Emil Post introduced the Post machine, which is another abstract model of computation that is equivalent to the Turing machine.
- These models, including the Turing machine, are part of the broader study of computability theory, which investigates the fundamental capabilities and limitations of computation. They help in understanding what can and cannot be computed algorithmically.