Final answer:
The idea that an eliminated problem behavior will be replaced by a new one through learning-based treatment is known as symptom substitution. It's a concept with some debate in the psychological community.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept that a problem behavior eliminated through a learning-based treatment will be replaced by a new problem behavior is known as symptom substitution. This theory posits that when a problematic behavior is addressed, the underlying cause or need that led to the development of the initial behavior remains, potentially leading to the emergence of a new, different problematic behavior. It's essential to understand that while symptom substitution is a concept that some clinicians and theorists believe in, it has also been a subject of debate and not all psychological professionals accept it as a valid phenomenon.