Final answer:
A driver is allowed to pass a bicycle within the same lane if there is sufficient space to do so safely, but it's important to know local traffic laws which may allow cyclists to use the entire lane. When considering the reference frame of a moving cyclist, a stationary person on the sidewalk appears to move in the opposite direction to the cyclist.
Step-by-step explanation:
As to whether you are allowed to pass a bicycle within the same lane, the answer depends on the specific traffic laws of the region you are in. However, under many circumstances, the answer is (a.) Yes, if there is sufficient space to do so safely. This means that a driver must provide adequate space between their vehicle and the cyclist while passing, typically defined by local laws (often as a 3-feet minimum distance). Passing must be done without endangering the cyclist. Option (b) acknowledges that in some areas, cyclists have the right to the entire lane, and motorists must pass in an adjacent lane if available. Options (c) and (d) are not generally accepted practices for safely passing a cyclist. It is important to know and follow your local traffic laws regarding sharing the road with cyclists. Concerning the reference frame scenario, the correct answer is (b) in the direction opposite the motion of the cyclist, since in the bicyclist's reference frame, the bystander on the sidewalk appears to be moving backward as the cyclist moves forward.