Answer
In summary
A number of properties of liquids, such as cohesion and adhesion, are influenced by the intermolecular forces within the liquid itself. Cohesion are various intermolecular forces that hold solids and liquids together while adhesion is the ability of a liquids to stick to an unlike substance. The rise or fall of a liquid in a capillary tube is governed by the balance of cohesive and adhesive forces. Lastly, surface tension is a fundamental property of the surface of liquid, it is responsible for the curvature of the surfaces of liquids dues to the polarity that exists in the liquid molecules.
Step-by-step explanation
Liquids flow because the intermolecular forces between molecules are weak enough to allow the molecules to move around relative to one another. The forces are attractive when a negative charge interacts with a nearby positive charge and repulsive when the neighboring charges are the same, either both positive or both negative. Molecules are held together by polar covalent bonds – which means that the electrons are not evenly distributed between the bonded atoms. This uneven distribution in the covalent bonds of the molecules results in a partial charge.
The liquid molecules don’t interact particularly strongly with each other because the intermolecular forces are weak. The primary intermolecular forces – are London dispersion forces, which for small molecules are the weakest types of intermolecular forces. These weak forces lead to low cohesion. The molecules don’t interact strongly with each other, so they can slide right past one another.
Adhesion is the tendency of a compound to interact with another compound. (Remember that, in contrast, cohesion is the tendency of a compound to interact with itself.) Adhesion helps explain how liquids interact with their containers and with other liquids. One example of an interaction with high adhesion is that between water and glass. Both water and glass are held together by polar bonds. Therefore, the two materials can also form favorable polar interactions with each other, leading to high adhesion.