Final answer:
Northern European homes stay warm without heating systems due to superior insulation, materials that absorb and release heat, and design features like south-facing windows. They maintain temperature by preventing heat escape and utilizing thermal mass.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the innovative approaches to insulation and energy efficiency in home construction within some Northern European countries. These countries are known for their cold climates, which typically would necessitate the use of heating systems in residences. However, a new trend has emerged where homes are being built without traditional heating systems. Instead, they rely heavily on superior insulation methods to retain heat within the house.
A possible explanation for why these houses remain warm even when residents are not at home is the high level of insulation which drastically reduces the rate of heat loss. Advanced construction techniques, including the use of thick walls, thick insulation, double-paned windows, and possibly the strategic placement of large, dark thermal masses like stone or brick, help maintain the internal temperature. These materials can absorb and gradually release heat, keeping the environment warm for extended periods.
For instance, the use of south-facing windows allows sunlight to enter and warm the house during winter, while overhangs prevent excessive sun during summer, helping maintain a comfortable temperature year-round. Additionally, the heat produced inside the house during the day by appliances, cooking, and even sunlight can be sufficient to keep the house warm into the evening, thanks to the tight envelope preventing heat escape.