Final answer:
Aging can lead to presbyopia, where the eyes lose the ability to focus on close objects, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness affecting central vision.
Step-by-step explanation:
The decrease in the musculature of the eyes, a result of the natural aging process, can lead to two common conditions: presbyopia and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Presbyopia is a condition where the eye gradually loses its ability to focus on close objects, usually becoming noticeable between the ages of 40 and 50. This is often due to the lens becoming less elastic and the weakening of the muscles controlling the lens. On the other hand, AMD is a leading cause of blindness, particularly affecting the macula, which is responsible for sharp central vision. The cells of the macula die in AMD, leading to a black spot in the central vision that can grow and cause significant visual impairment.